Osprey Elite 217 The Modern Russian Army 1992-2016.pdf

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The Modern Russian
Army 1992–2016
MARK GALEOTTI
ILLUSTRATED BY JOHNNY SHUMATE
Author
Mark Galeotti is a Senior Research Fellow at the Institute
of International Relations in Prague, Czech Republic, and
Principal Director of the Mayak Intelligence Consultancy.
Formerly Head of History at Keele University in the United
Kingdom, and latterly Professor of Global Affairs at New York
University, he is a prolific author on Russian security affairs,
has been a special adviser to the British Foreign Office, wrote
a monthly column in
Jane’s Intelligence Review
for 15 years,
and is a consultant for numerous government and private
bodies. He is the author of Osprey Elite 197
Russian Security
and Paramilitary Forces since 1991;
Essential Histories 78
Russia’s Wars in Chechnya 1994–2009;
and Elite 206
Spetsnaz:
Russia’s Special Forces.
Illustrator
Johnny Shumate works as a freelance illustrator living in
Nashville, Tennessee. He began his career in 1987 after
graduating from Austin Peay State University. Most of his
work is rendered in Adobe Photoshop using a Cintiq monitor.
His greatest influences are Angus McBride, Don Troiani, and
Édouard Detaille. His interests include karate, running, Bible
reading, history, and making English longbows.
Other titles in the series
ELI No:
190
•
ISBN:
978 1 84908 799 5
ELI No:
197
•
ISBN:
978 1 78096 105 7
ELI No:
205
•
ISBN:
978 1 4728 0675 8
ELI No:
206
•
ISBN:
978 1 4728 0722 9
ELI No:
208
•
ISBN:
978 1 4728 0678 9
ELI No:
212
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ISBN:
978 1 4728 1540 8
Elite • 217
The Modern Russian
Army
1992–2016
MARK GALEOTTI
ILLUSTRATED BY JOHNNY SHUMATE   
Series editor Martin Windrow 
This electronic edition published in 2017 by Bloomsbury Publishing Plc
First published in Great Britain in 2017 by Osprey Publishing
PO Box 883, Oxford, OX1 9PL, UK
1385 Broadway, 5th Floor, New York, NY 10018, USA
E-mail:
info@ospreypublishing.com
Osprey Publishing, part of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc
OSPREY is a trademark of Osprey Publishing, a division of Bloomsbury
Publishing Plc.
© 2017 Osprey Publishing Ltd.
All rights reserved
You may not copy, distribute, transmit, reproduce or otherwise make
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claims for damages.
A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the British Library
Print ISBN: 978 1 47281 908 6
PDF ebook ISBN: 978 1 47281 909 3
ePub ebook ISBN: 978 1 47281 910 9
Editor: Martin Windrow
Maps by JB Illustrations & Peter Bull Art Studio
Index by Fionbar Lyons
Typeset in Sabon and Myriad Pro
Originated by PDQ Media, Bungay, UK
Osprey Publishing supports the Woodland Trust, the UK’s leading woodland
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AUTHOR’S NOTE
Translating out of Cyrillic always poses challenges. I have chosen to
transliterate names as they are pronounced, and have also ignored the
diacritical “soft” and “hard” signs found in the original. The only exceptions
are names that have acquired common forms in English – for example, I use
the spelling “Gorbachev” rather than the phonetically correct “Gorbachov.”
FRONT COVER During the 2014 Victory Day celebrations in Moscow, Msta-S
152mm self-propelled guns parade through Red Square. While these guns
are planned for replacement by the new Armata-based Koalitsiya-SV, they
will probably remain Russia's main SP heavy artillery equipment into the
2020s, since priority for the Armata program will go to production of the
T-14 tank. ((c) ID1974/Shutterstock.com)
TITLE PAGE Sappers emplaning to take part in a de-mining operation in
Palmyra, Syria, after a joint Russian-Syrian offensive in 2016 drove ISIL
fighters out of the city. (Russian Ministry of Defense)
GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS USED IN THIS TEXT:
GRU
GSh
KSO
MChS
MO
MP
SV
TsVO
VDV
VO
VP
VS
VVO
YuVO
ZVO
Glavnoye razvedyvatelnoye upravleniye
– Main
Intelligence Directorate 
Generalny shtab
– General Staff 
Komanda spetsialnykh operatsii
– Special Operations
Command 
Ministerstvo po chrezvychainym situatsiyam
– Ministry for
Emergency Situations 
Ministerstvo oborony
– Ministry of Defense 
Morskaya pekhota
– Naval Infantry 
Sukhoputnye voiska
– Ground Forces 
Tsentralny voyenny okrug
– Central Military District 
Vozdushno-desantniye voiska
– Air Assault Troops 
Voyenny okrug
– Military District 
Voyennaya politsiya
– Military Police 
Voyenniye sily
– Armed Forces 
Vostochny voyenny okrug
– Eastern Military District 
Yuzhny voyenny okrug
– Southern Military District 
Zapadny voyenny okrug
– Western Military District 
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
BORN IN CRISIS
The new Russian Army
¡
The early 1990s: stuck in Soviet patterns
¡
4
5
Dedovshchina
and crime
THE FIRST CHECHEN WAR, 1994–96
The lessons of defeat
11
THE 1990s: POWER PROJECTION
Post-Soviet interventions, and peace-keeping
14
THE 2000s: FIRST REFORMS
The Second Chechen War, 1999–2002
¡
15
Ivanov's reforms, 2001–2007
2008: GEORGIAN TURNING-POINT
The Georgian War
¡
The Serdyukov-Makarov reforms
21
PUTIN'S ARMY
Divisions to brigades
¡
The “two
¡
27
Chain of command
¡
Rearmament and re-equipment
armies”
THE RUSSIAN SOLDIER
The draft
¡
¡
37
¡
Kontraktniki
¡
Training and exercises
Officers and NCOs
Service life and discipline
INTERVENTION FORCES
The rise of the Soviet VDV
¡
The Russian VDV
¡
The Naval Infantry
¡
The
Spetsnaz
45
WEAPONS & EQUIPMENT
Personal and support weapons
¡
Ratnik
– the future Russian soldier
¡
Armored vehicles
¡
Artillery
¡
“Keeping up with the drones”
55
SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY
INDEX
63
64

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