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Edition 1/2019
|
January & February 2019
|
www.elektormagazine.com
lektor
labs
magazine
ESP32 Weather Station
Reading
sensor data
online
DIY Temperature
FM Radio
Controlled Solder Station with
RDS
A top HAT
project for
the Raspberry Pi
SMD manual soldering for everyone
Electric Motor Control
Snore Shield
Lighthouse 2.0
One-time Pad Crypto Shield
2.4 GHz Half-Duplex Telemetry
Old
School AC Powerline Conditioning & Regulation
Verilog Basics
Personal Speedometer for Runners & Joggers
PobDuino Board
Opamp Schmitt Triggers
The SN76477
Q&A: Enclosures
Low-cost SMD Test Adapter
Planned Obsolescence?
Elektorlabs Magazine
Edition 1/2019
Volume 45, No. 493
January & February 2019
ISSN 1757-0875
(UK / US / ROW distribution)
www.elektor.com
www.elektormagazine.com
Elektorlabs Magazine, English edition
is published 6 times a year by
Elektor International Media
78 York Street
London W1H 1DP
United Kingdom
Phone: (+44) (0)20 7692 8344
Head Office:
Elektor International Media b.v.
PO Box 11
NL-6114-ZG Susteren
The Netherlands
Phone: (+31) 46 4389444
Fax: (+31) 46 4370161
Great electronics
with small things
Back in mediaeval times many ‘things invisible’ like the vacuum, gravity, time, darkness,
and static electricity were awe inspiring if not a cause of great fear to the uninitiated. I
wonder if the same applies to such seemingly unrelated stuff we struggle with in today’s
electronics, like 0201-size surface mount components, electromagnetic radiation, micro-
controller firmware and buried vias. All very real challenges in the Elektor Labs.
Both invisibility and tiny dimensions initially create a feeling of unrest. When the tran-
sistor took over from the valve, a frequently heard complaint was that “it sure is much
more efficient but you can’t see if the thing is alive or not“ and “these things die with not
so much as a whisper.“ Reportedly some radio & TV servicemen actually cut faulty tran-
sistors open to see if the clunkers could be fixed (and they could, in some rare cases).
Although far from being invisible, in the case of SMA components (a.k.a. SMDs) we
heard reports from our readers like “more ended up in the vacuum cleaner that on my
printed circuit board”. Being able to view those tiny SMDs is a foremost requirement to
using them — next come handling, positioning on a board, and only then, soldering. The
art of soldering having been covered in many issues of Elektor magazine — including
reflow techniques ′pizza style‘ — we figured a microscope is sure to open up a world to
you if you still feel those minuscule parts are encroaching upon the hobby. The range of
Andonstar USB microscopes in our Store are bestsellers and they have helped many of
our readers to not just overcome their hesitations about using SMDs in their projects, but
also move forward to advanced techniques like board reworking.
Personally, I am nearsighted to the degree of being able to scrutinise SMD solder joints
with my nose almost touching the board surface, so an Andonstar 201 could save me the
trouble of raising my expensive glasses to an insecure position on my forehead.
Jan Buiting, Editor-in-Chief
Memberships:
Please use London address
E-mail: service@elektor.com
www.elektor.com/memberships
Advertising & Sponsoring:
Margriet Debeij
Phone: +49 170 5505 396
E-mail: margriet.debeij@eimworld.com
www.elektor.com/advertising
Advertising rates and terms available on
request.
Copyright Notice
The circuits described in this magazine are for domes-
tic and educational use only. All drawings, photographs,
printed circuit board layouts, programmed integrated
circuits, disks, CD-ROMs, DVDs, software carriers, and
article texts published in our books and magazines
(other than third-party advertisements) are copyright
Elektor International Media b.v. and may not be repro-
duced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
including photocopying, scanning and recording, in
whole or in part without prior written permission from
the Publisher. Such written permission must also be
obtained before any part of this publication is stored
in a retrieval system of any nature. Patent protection
may exist in respect of circuits, devices, components
etc. described in this magazine. The Publisher does
not accept responsibility for failing to identify such
patent(s) or other protection. The Publisher disclaims
any responsibility for the safe and proper function
of reader-assembled projects based upon or from
schematics, descriptions or information published in or
in relation with Elektor magazine.
The Circuit
Editor-in-Chief:
Translators:
Jan Buiting
David Ashton, Jan Buiting, Martin Cooke,
Ken Cox, Arthur deBeun, Andrew Emmerson,
Mark Owen, Julian Rivers
Membership Manager:
Raoul Morreau
Brodier, Denis Meyer, Jens Nickel
Laboratory Staff:
Clemens Valens, Ton Giesberts, Luc Lemmens,
Jan Visser
Graphic Design & Prepress:
Giel Dols
Publisher:
Don Akkermans
International Editorial Staff:
Thijs Beckers, Eric Bogers, Mariline Thiebaut-
© Elektor International Media b.v. 2019
www.eimworld.com
Printed in the Netherlands
www.elektormagazine.com
January & February 2019
3
This Edition
Volume 45 – Edition 1/2019
No. 493
January & February 2019
Regulars
20 electronica Fast Forward Award 2018
a glimpse of the future as imagined by
smart start-ups
ESP32
Weather Station
Reading sensor
33 Peculiar Parts, the series
The SN76477
34 HomeLab Helicopter
38 Tips & Tricks
Low-cost SMD Test Adapter
61 Elektor Labs Pipeline
67 Questions & Answers
(Nearly) everything you always wanted to
know about... LoRa
80 Questions & Answers
(Nearly) Everything you always wanted to
know about... Enclosures
99 Elektor Store Highlights
What electronicists dream of...
106 Retronics
Old School AC Powerline Conditioning &
Regulation
14
DIY Temperature Controlled
Solder Station
SMD manual soldering
for everyone
The Platino Solder Station presented back in
2015 received wide acclaim and not just
from the Elektor readership.
In good engineering
tradition, the very
fact that the
original project
worked off the bat
was a key motivator to
seek enhancements for the
intrinsic design. The concerted
effort and thought that went into
this produced a completely new
design which is described here.
110 Elektor Ethics
The Interplanetary File System
114 Hexadoku
The original Elektorized Sudoku
Features
6
Electric Motor Control
By switch, simple PWM, full bridge ...
23 Obsolete or „Allocated“?
Problems in the Lab
Projects
13 Frequency Divider with Adjustable
Integer Division Factor
on a (CMOS) stroestring
68 What’s New in Android Things
A boost from C++
6
Electric Motor
Control
By switch,
simple PWM,
full bridge ...
76 Making PCBs with your 3D Printer
Creative solutions with your 3D printer
94 Verilog Basics
Fundamental features of the hardware
description language
14 DIY Temperature Controlled Solder
Station
SMD manual soldering for everyone
100 Opamp Schmitt Trigger
Circuits and calculations
24 Lighthouse 2.0
With adjustable light characteristic
4
January & February 2019
www.elektormagazine.com
lektorlabs
28
data online
FM Radio with RDS
A top HAT project for the
Raspberry Pi
A Raspberry Pi plus a
homebrewed HAT with driver
software and a custom graphical user
interface created specially for this application
combine to make a unique FM radio that is not only
eye-catching but a fascinating learning
experience, thanks to extensively detailed
documentation. Nobody can fail to
learn something new from this
wide-ranging project!
magazine
62 PobDuino Board
Flowcode and Arduino together fight
obsolescence
74 Automatic Traffic Light Controller
For model railways
78 My Little Amplifier
LM386 gets a makeover
82 Bad Circuit Howler
It works... but not the way it should.
86 FM Radio with RDS
A top HAT project for the Raspberry Pi
Next Editions
ElektorLabs Magazine Edition 2/2019
3-Axis CNC portal machine ● Styrofoam Cutter ● Cross
Platform Basic Compilers ● Harmonics/THD Measure-
ments in the MHz range ● RPI Ruler ● Microcontroller
Kits for Dummies ● VHDL Programming Course (3) ●
Raspberry Pi IOTA ● Audio Spectrum Meter ● TCAM Low-
cost Thermocam ● Stepper Motors in Antiresonance
Mode ● All-analogue PWM Fan Drivers ● Air Pollution
Monitor ● DIY CPU ● Pinball Clock ● Simple Function
Generator ● The Baristor ● ADC with PLD.
ElektorLabs Magazine
edition 2/2019 covering March and April 2019 is
published on 21 February 2019. Delivery of printed copies to Elektor
Gold Members is subject to transport.
Contents and article titles subject to change.
86
28 ESP32 Weather Station
Reading sensor data online
Elektor Industry Edition 1/2019
Edition 1/2019 of
Elektor Industry Magazine
will cover
microcontrollers, embedded technology, programming
and tools, with contributions from companies, industry
specialists, Elektor editors, and free-lance authors. Plus,
you’ll find fresh instalments of regulars like Infographics
and Industry Store. Edition 1/2019 has a special focus
on the
Embedded World Exhibition & Conference
in
Nuremberg, Germany, from 26 to 29 February 2019, in
support of Elektor’s presence at the show.
Elektor Industry magazine
issues are available to ElektorLabs magazine
Gold members in print, and Elektor Labs magazine Green members
as a PDF download, as well as for purchase by anyone, at www.
elektormagazine.com. Publication date: 20 February 2019.
40 Snore Shield
helps to improve your night rest
45 Personal Speedometer
for Runners & Joggers
With trip meter and logger
48 One-time Pad Crypto Shield
Secure communication through openness
56 2.4 GHz Half-Duplex Telemetry
Replace awkward remote-control cables
with a license-free ISM radio link.
www.elektormagazine.com
January & February 2019
5

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