Scientific American 2017 06.pdf

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IS OCEAN ACIDIFICATION DRIVING SEA CREATURES CRAZY?
PAGE
42
QUANTUM
MULTIVERSE
A surprising connection between
cosmology and quantum mechanics could
unveil secrets of space and time
S
PLU
THE
ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
GROWS UP
Teaching machines
to learn like children
PAGE 60
VANISHED VIKINGS
The mysterious fate of
Greenland’s Norse colonies
PAGE 66
NEW HOPE FOR ALS
Gene therapies could hold promise
JUNE 2017
PAGE 46
© 2017 Scientific American
ScientificAmerican.com
J u n e 2 0 17
VO LU M E 3 1 6 , N U M B E R 6
52
C O S M O LO G Y
28 The Quantum Multiverse
A surprising connection between
cosmology and quantum mechan-
ics could unveil the secrets of space
and time.
By Yasunori Nomura
H E A LT H
their mobility. New drug therapies
are on the way for a condition that
has long defied treatment.
By Leon-
ard Petrucelli and Aaron D. Gitler
B I O LO G Y
52 The Meaning of Lichen
How a self-taught naturalist un-
earthed hidden symbioses in the
wilds of British Columbia, over-
turning 150 years of accepted
scientific wisdom.
By Erica Gies
M AC H I N E L E A R N I N G
36 The Messy Truth
about Weight Loss
You must burn more calories than
you consume—but what you eat
is more important than how much
you exercise.
By Susan B. Roberts
and Sai Krupa Das
MARINE SCIENCE
60 Making AI More Human
AI has staged a revival by incorpo-
rating what we know about how
children learn.
By Alison Gopnik
A R C H A E O LO G Y
42 Lost at Sea
Ocean acidification may alter
the behaviors of fish in disastrous
ways.
By  Danielle L. Dixson
GENETIC S
TIM WHEELER ( Letharia vulpina)
66 Greenland’s
Vanished Vikings
They ruled the icy outpost for
hundreds of years before their
colonies collapsed. New findings
are elucidating their puzzling
decline.
By Zach Zorich
On THe C OV e R
If our entire observable universe is only a bubble
embedded in an infinitely larger multiverse, cos-
mologists may be in trouble. In a multiverse, all
possible events occur an infinite number of times,
stripping theories of predictive power. Ideas from
quantum mechanics, however, offer fresh hope
for more predictive cosmological theories.
Photograph by The Voorhes.
46 Unlocking the
Mystery of ALS
This disorder relentlessly destroys
motor neurons and robs people of
June 2017, ScientificAmerican.com
1
© 2017 Scientific American
4 From the Editor
5 Letters
7 Science Agenda
Research partnerships can be the engine
of science diplomacy.
By the Editors
8 Forum
We must shore up scientific enterprise
in a knowledge-based society.
By Robbert Dijkgraaf
10 Advances
The U.S. looks to upgrade its icebreakers. New diagnostic
tools for Parkinson’s. Nuclear disaster triage. Coastal
cities face rising sea threat. A robot learns to make pizza.
7
24 The Science of Health
Fighting a resistant parasite: super lice.
By Karen Weintraub
26 TechnoFiles
Dear Apple, here is a to-do list for iOS 11.
By David Pogue
74 Recommended
Alan Alda’s art of storytelling. Where
do
babies come from?
How science got women wrong.
By Andrea Gawrylewski
75 Skeptic
10
How can we be sure that a celestial catastrophe didn’t
wipe out an advanced civilization 12,000 years ago?
By Michael Shermer
76 Anti Gravity
Spiders are world-class insect exterminators.
By Steve Mirsky
77 50, 100 & 150 Years Ago
78 Graphic Science
Shield your ears against loud noises.
By Mark Fischetti
ON THE WEB
Marching for Science
Watch
Scientific American
’s video coverage of the
March for Science, held on April 22 in Washington, D.C.
Go to www.ScientificAmerican.com/jun2017/science-march
76
Scientific American (ISSN 0036-8733), Volume 316, Number 6, June 2017, published monthly by Scientific American, a division of Nature America, Inc., 1 New York Plaza, Suite 4500, New York, N.Y. 10004-1562. Periodicals postage
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Copyright © 2017 by Scientific American, a division of Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Scientific American, June 2017
© 2017 Scientific American

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