Automotive Technology - Prins, Diag. and Svc 4th ed - J. Halderman (Pearson, 2012) BBS.pdf - Automotive Books - Choniczek.pl

AUTOMOTIVE

TECHNOLOGY

Principles, Diagnosis,

and Service

FOURTH EDITION

James D. Halderman

Prentice Hall

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Text Font: Helvetica Neue LT Std, 9/12

America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher

prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any

means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material

from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department,

Pearson Education, 1 Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458.

Many of the designations by manufacturers and seller to distinguish their products are claimed as

trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark

claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps.

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

ISBN-10: 0-13-254261-7

ISBN-13: 978-0-13-254261-6

PREFACE

UPDATES TO THE FOURTH EDITION

Number of chapters increased from 103 to 130.

Many long chapters were split and content was reorganized

to make teaching and learning easier.

New chapters include:

Chapter 17 – Preventive Maintenance and Service Procedures

Chapter 19 – Diesel Engine Operation and Diagnosis

Chapter 20 – Coolant

Chapter 22 – Engine Oil

Chapter 27 – In-Vehicle Engine Service

Chapter 36 – Gaskets and Sealants

Chapter 37 – Engine Assembly and Dynamometer Testing

Chapter 49 – CAN and Network Communications

Chapter 66 – Gasoline

Chapter 67 – Alternative Fuels

Chapter 68 – Diesel and Biodiesel Fuels

Chapter 79 – Gasoline Direct Injection Systems

Chapter 80 – Electronic Throttle Control Systems

Chapter 108 – Electronic Stability Control Systems

Chapter 110 – Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems

Chapter 115 – Electronic Suspension Systems

Chapter 127 – Automatic Transmission/Transaxle Principles

Chapter 128 – Hydraulic Components and Control Systems

Chapter 129 – Automatic Transmission/Transaxle Diagnosis

and In-Vehicle Service

Chapter 130 – Automatic Transmission/Transaxle Unit Repair

Over 300 new color photos and line drawings.

New design, showing major and minor headings, is clearer

and makes it easier to grasp important information.

ASE AND NATEF CORRELATED This comprehensive text-

book is divided into sections that correspond to the eight areas of

certifications as specified by the National Institute for Automotive

Service Excellence (ASE) and the National Automotive Technicians

Education Foundation (NATEF). The areas of the ASE material cer-

tification test are listed in the objectives at the beginning of each

chapter, and all laboratory worksheets are correlated to the NATEF

Task List.

A COMPLETE INSTRUCTOR AND STUDENT SUPPLE-

MENT PACKAGE This book is accompanied by a full set of

instructor and student supplements. Please see page v for a detailed

list of supplements.

A FOCUS ON DIAGNOSIS AND PROBLEM SOLVING The

primary focus of this textbook is to satisfy the need for problem

diagnosis. Time and again, the author has heard that technicians

need more training in diagnostic procedures and skill development.

To meet this need and to help illustrate how real problems are

solved, diagnostic stories are included throughout. Each new topic

covers the parts involved as well as their purpose, function, and

operation, and how to test and diagnose each system.

The following pages highlight the unique core features that set

this book apart from other automotive textbooks.

iii

IN-TEXT FEATURES

REAL WORLD FIX

Careers in the Automotive

Service Area

SECTION I

Lightning Damage

A radio failed to work in a vehicle that was outside during

a thunderstorm. The technician checked the fuses and

verified that power was reaching the radio. Then the

technician noticed the antenna. It had been struck by

lightning. Obviously, the high voltage from the lightning

strike traveled to the radio receiver and damaged the

circuits. Both the radio and the antenna were replaced to

correct the problem.

Automotive Background and Overview

Working as a Professional Service Technician

Careers in the Automotive Service Industry

Technician Certiﬁcation

Starting a Career in the Automotive Industry

chapter

AUTOMOTIVE BACKGROUND

AND OVERVIEW

OBJECTIVES: After studying Chapter 1, the reader will be able to: • Explain the evolution of the automobile. • Discuss the major

components of a vehicle. • Describe the evolution of engines. • List the common components of most vehicles. • List the eight areas

of automotive service according to ASE/NATEF.

KEY TERMS: Air lter 5 • Body 2 • Body-on-frame (BOF) 3 • Carbon monoxide (CO) 5 • Catalytic converter 5 • Chassis 2

• Coolant 5 • Drive shaft 5 • Double overhead camshaft (DOHC) 4 • Evaporative emission system (EVAP) 5 • Exhaust gas

recirculation (EGR) 5 • Flathead 4 • Frames 3 • Hydrocarbon (HC) 5 • Ignition control module (ICM) 5 • Inline engine 4

• Intake manifold 5 • Internal combustion engine 4 • Malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) 5 • Manufacturer’s suggested retail price

(MSRP) 4 • OBD-II 5 • Oil lter 5 • Oil galleries 5 • Oil pan 5 • Oil pump 5 • Oil sump 5 • Overhead camshaft (OHC) 4

• Overhead valve (OHV) 4 • Oxides of nitrogen (NO X ) 5 • PCV valve 5 • Pillars 3 • Positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) 5

• Propeller shaft 5 •

SEE FIGURE 26–26.

Radiator 5 • Scan tool 5 • Self-propelled vehicle 1 • Single overhead camshaft (SOHC) 4

• Thermostat 5 • Transaxle 6 • Transfer case 6 • Unibody 3 • Universal joints (U-joints) 5 • Water jackets 5 • Water pump 5

1896

Henry Ford (1863–1947) built his rst car, called the

Quadricycle.

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

REAL WORLD FIXES present students with actual automotive

service scenarios and show how these common (and sometimes

uncommon) problems were diagnosed and repaired.

SEE FIGURE 1–1.

1900

About 4,200 total automobiles were sold, including:

• 40% were steam powered

• 38% were battery/electric powered

• 22% were gasoline engine powered

For centuries, man either walked or used animals to provide power

for transportation. After the invention of electric, steam, and gasoline

propulsion systems, people used self-propelled vehicles, which

are vehicles that moved under their own power.

Major milestones in vehicle development include:

1902

Oldsmobile, founded by Ransom E. Olds

(1864–1950), produced the rst large-scale,

affordable vehicle.

1876

The OTTO four-stroke cycle engine was developed

by a German engineer, Nikolaus Otto.

1908

William Durant (1861–1947) formed General Motors.

1908

The Ford Model T was introduced.

1885

The rst automobile was powered by an OTTO cycle

gasoline engine designed by Karl Friedrick Beary

(1844–1929).

1892

Rudolf Diesel (1858–1913) received a patent for a

compression ignition engine. The rst diesel engine

was built in 1897.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTION

AUTOMOTIVE BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW

OBJECTIVES AND KEY TERMS appear at

the beginning of each chapter to help students

and instructors focus on the most important

material in each chapter. The chapter objectives

are based on specific ASE and NATEF tasks.

What Is an “SST?”

Vehicle manufacturers often specify a special service

tool (SST) to properly disassemble and assemble

components, such as transmissions and other

components. These tools are also called special tools and

are available from the vehicle manufacturer or their tool

supplier, such as Kent-Moore and Miller tools.

TECH TIP

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS are based on the author’s

own experience and provide answers to many of the most common

questions asked by students and beginning service technicians.

Right to TIghten

Whenever removing any automotive component, it is wise

to screw the bolts back into the holes a couple of threads

by hand. This ensures that the right bolt will be used in its

original location.

NOTE: Most of these “locking nuts” are grouped together

and are commonly referred to as revailing torque nuts. This

means that the nut will hold its tightness or torque and not

loosen with movement or vibration.

TECH TIP feature real-world advice and “tricks of the trade” from

ASE-certified master technicians.

NOTES provide students with additional technical information to

give them a greater understanding of a specific task or procedure.

SAFETY TIP

Shop Cloth Disposal

Always dispose of oily shop cloths in an enclosed con-

tainer to prevent a fire. SEE FIGURE 1–69. Whenever

oily cloths are thrown together on the floor or workbench,

a chemical reaction can occur, which can ignite the cloth

even without an open flame. This process of ignition with-

out an open flame is called spontaneous combustion .

CAUTION: Never use hardware store (nongraded) bolts,

studs, or nuts on any vehicle steering, suspension, or brake

component. Always use the exact size and grade of hard-

ware that is specified and used by the vehicle manufacturer.

CAUTIONS alert students about potential damage to the vehicle

that can occur during a specific task or service procedure.

SAFETY TIPS alert students to possible hazards on the job and

how to avoid them.

PREFACE

Automotive Technology - Prins, Diag. and Svc 4th ed - J. Halderman (Pearson, 2012) BBS.pdf

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