24654326-List-of-Anesthetic-Analgesic-and-Tranquilizer-Drugs-Veterinary.pdf

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List of Anesthetic, Analgesic and Tranquilizer
Drugs Frequently Used With the Common
Laboratory Species.
Prepared by: Paul H. Bramson, DVM
Robert A. Wagner, VMD
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1. Rodents
Pages 3 - 8
2. Rabbits
Pages 9 - 12
3. Dogs and Cats
Pages 13 - 17
4. Primates
Pages 18 - 21
5. Pigs
Pages 22 - 25
Sources and References:
1. Hawk, C.T. and S.L. Leary (1999). Formulary For Laboratory Animals, 2nd
edition, Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa.
2. Carpenter, J.W., T.Y. Mashima, and D.J. Rupiper (2001). Exotic Animal
Formulary, 2nd edition, W.B. Saunders Co., Phila.
3. Flecknell, P. (1996). Laboratory Animal Anaesthesia, 2nd edition, Academic
Press, San Diego, CA.
4. Rossoff, I.S. (1994). Handbook of Veterinary Drugs and Chemicals, A
Compendium for Research and Clinical Use, 2nd edition, Pharmatox
Publishing Co., Taylorville, IL.
5. Kohn, D.F., S.K. Wixson, W.J. White, and G.J. Benson, eds. (1997).
Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, ACLAM Series,
Academic Press, New York, NY.
1
Definition of Abbreviations Used in the Drug List.
Abbreviation Meaning
SC
Subcutaneous injection
IM
Intramuscular injection
IV
Intravenous injection
IP
Intraperitoneal injection
PO
Given By Mouth
Epi
Epidural space in the Lumbar region
q4h.
Repeat every 4 hours
NSAID
Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug
MAC
Minimum Alveolar Concentration; the alveolar
concentration of a gaseous anesthetic required to
block the response to a specified painful stimulus.
SID
Once a day
BID
Twice a day
QID
Four times a day
"to effect"
given until the desired effect is reached, not
administering the whole calculated dose.
2
1. Indicates beneficial for mild pain.
2. Indicates beneficial for moderate pain.
3. Indicates beneficial for extreme pain.
Rodents: Chemical Restraint/Anesthesia/Analgesia
Agent Dosage Comments
Acepromazine 0.5-1.0 mg/kg IM .
Preanesthetic; causes seizures in Gerbils.
See combination with Ketamine.
Acetaminophen
1-2 mg/mL drinking water. Analgesia for all rodents. (1)
(Tylenol Syrup)
Acetylsalicylic Acid
50-100 mg/kg PO q4h.
Analgesia (1) /NSAID: Guinea pigs.
(Aspirin)
100-150 mg/kg PO q4h.
Rats, gerbils, hamsters. (1)
120-300 mg/kg PO .
Mice; lower doses can be given q4h.
Alpha-Chloralose
55 mg/kg IP.
Non-survival anesthesia; 8-10 hrs.
Atipamezole
1.0-2.5 mg/kg IP.
Mice: Medetomidine reversal.
(Antisedan)
Atropine
0.05-0.10 mg/kg SC .
All; some rats possess serum
atropinesterase.
0.4 mg/kg SC,IM .
Gerbils, hamsters, mice and rats.
0.1-0.2 mg/kg SC, IM.
Chinchillas and guinea pigs.
Buprenorphine
Analgesia (2-3)
(Buprenex)
0.05-2.5 mg/kg SC, IP
Mice
q6-12h.
0.05 mg/kg SC q8-12h.
Chinchillas, guinea pigs.
0.1-0.2 mg/kg SC q8h.
Gerbils
0.5 mg/kg SC q8h.
Hamsters
0.1-0.5 mg/kg SC, IP,
Rats
IV, q6-12.
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Rodents: Chemical Restraint/Anesthesia/Analgesia (cont.)
Agent
Dosage
Comments
Butorphanol
Analgesia (2-3).
(Torbugesic)
0.2 mg/kg IM q2-4h.
Chinchillas
1-5 mg/kg SC q2-4h.
Rats, mice gerbils, hamsters, and
guinea pigs.
Carbon Dioxide
80% CO2 + 20% O2
Short acting anesthetic.
(CO2)
Time: ~120 sec.
Rats.
Time: ~30 sec.
Guinea pigs.
Chloral Hydrate
Non-survival anesthesia. Minimal effect
on cardiovascular system and on
baroreceptor reflexes.
200-300 mg/kg IP of a
Rats
10% soln.
400 mg/kg IP of 10% soln.
Mice
Chloral Hydrate +
(CH) 176 mg/kg +
Cocktail is made up in EtOH,
Pentobarbital +
(P) 40 mg/kg +
propylene glycol and water.
MgSO4
(M) 87 mg/kg
(Equithesin)
[4.0 mL/kg IP ]
Carprofen
Analgesia (1-2)/ NSAID.
(Rimadyl)
4 mg/kg SC q24h.
Chinchillas.
5-10 mg/kg PO
Rats; Can be given in combination
with Buprenorphine (0.05 mg/kg).
Diazepam
3-5 mg/kg IM
Sedative; Rats, mice, hamsters,
(Valium)
gerbils, guinea pigs.
Flunixin meglumine
Analgesia (1-2) / NSAID.
(Banamine)
1-3 mg/kg SC q12h.
Chinchillas
2.5 mg/kg SC q12-24h.
Rats, mice, hamsters, gerbils, and
guinea pigs.
Glycopyrrolate
0.01-0.02 mg/kg SC.
Pre-anesthetic; anticholinergic; all
(Robinul)
rodents.
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Rodents: Chemical Restraint/Anesthesia/Analgesia (cont.)
Agent
Dosage
Comments
Halothane
2-5% induction; 0.25-3.0 %
All rodent species; MAC = 1.0%
maintenance.
Ibuprofen
Analgesia (1-2) ; NSAID.
(Advil)
7-15 mg/kg PO q4h.
All rodent species.
10-30 mg/kg PO q4h.
Rats
0.2 mg/mL in drinking
Mice, rats. (Be aware that water intake
water (20 mg/mL syrup
during daylight hours may not allow
in 100 mL water).
for sufficient consumption.)
Inactin
80 mg/kg IP.
Anesthesia (thiobarbiturate); rats.
Isoflurane
2-5 % induction; 0.25-4.0%
Anesthetic of choice; all rodent
maintenance.
species; MAC= 1.28 %.
Ketamine
Ketamine alone gives poor muscle
(Ketaset, Vetalar)
relaxation.
22-44 mg/kg IM.
Mice; rats; light to heavy sedation
depending on dose.
22-64 mg/kg IM.
Guinea pigs; for heavy sedation can
give up to 44-200 mg/kg (marked
individual variation).
40-60 mg/kg IM.
Chinchillas and Hamsters: heavy
sedation 40-150 mg/kg;
Gerbils: heavy sedation 70-200 mg/kg.
Ketamine(K) +
(K) 40 mg/kg +
Anesthesia; All rodents.
Acepromazine(A)
(A) 0.5 mg/kg IM.
Ketamine(K) +
(K) 20-40 mg/kg +
Anesthesia; Chinchillas and
Diazepam(D)
(D) 1-2 mg/kg IM.
guinea pigs.
Ketamine(K) +
(K) 50-75 mg/kg +
Mice; anesthesia for minor procedures,
Medetomidine(M)
(M) 1.0 mg/kg IP.
use the higher dose of Ketamine in
females; (M) reversal with atipamezole.
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